Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity Inpatients Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Stemm Cell Transplantation

Evaluate the genotoxicity and oxidative status in patients undergoing autologous HSCT, different moments comparing pre-and post-transplantation. The study is a prospective longitudinal in order to investigate the genotoxicity and oxidative status in adult patients Undergoing autologous HSCT, accompanied in the service of Hematology, University Hospital Walter Cantídio (HUWC), and healthy subjects from January 2013 to August 2013. The study consisted of control (n = 30) consisted of healthy volunteers, adults, matched by sex and age with the patients group. Only one sample was collected from volunteers. Patients (n=30) with oncohematologic  diseases (multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma) that meet the basic conditions to the completion of the service accompanied HSCT Hematology HUWC. Determine the concentration of MDA (malondialdehyde), enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and in the DI (damage index) were performed before the CR(conditioning regimen)  (CR Pre), 24 hours after the CR (D - 1), 1 day (D +1), 10 days (D +10 ) and 20 ( D +20 ) days after autologous HSCT. The determination of MDA based on its reaction with thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) in heparinized plasma and measuring the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrometry and comet assay, or technique of cell microgel electrophoresis was used to assess DNA damage. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism. We used the ANOVA test for comparison of patients groups and controls. The level of significance is 5 % (p < 0,05). MDA levels in patients Undergoing HSCT between and control (p< 0.0001) and between D-1 and other groups (p < 0.0001). Levels of the antioxidant enzyme SOD in patients between control and pre CR (p = 0.0048), control and D- 1 (p < 0.0001), and between control and D +20 (p = 0.0271), between Pre and D +1 CR (p < 0.0001) between D-1 and D +1 (p < 0.0001), D +10 and D+20 (p<0.0001). An increase in ID in patient samples compared to controls. There was a significant increase in damage index 24 hours after the conditioning regimen (D-1) (56.63 ± 15.57) when compared to the control group (4.935 ± 2.038) and at other times examined. Results support the hypothesis stated HSCT induces an Increase in oxidative stress either by increased production of free radicals and by reduction of antioxidant enzymes with consequent damage of the DNA.